Retrospect of Western Travel

In "Retrospect of Western Travel," Harriet Martineau provides a detailed account of her journey up the Mississippi River, capturing the essence of the American landscape and society in the early 19th century. The narrative begins with Martineau boarding the steamboat "Henry Clay" in New Orleans, accompanied by a diverse group of passengers. The voyage is marked by the beauty of the river and its surroundings, as well as the perils of steamboat travel, including the ever-present threat of accidents and disease, such as cholera. Martineau describes the various settlements along the river, noting the stark contrast between the free states and those that uphold slavery. Her observations extend beyond the physical journey, delving into the moral and political issues of the time, particularly the contentious topic of slavery. She reflects on the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which allowed Missouri to enter the Union as a slave state, highlighting the moral compromise made by the nation in favor of political expediency. Martineau's narrative is not just a travelogue but a critique of the societal and ethical challenges faced by America, emphasizing the long-term consequences of prioritizing temporary solutions over enduring principles. Her journey concludes with a sense of awe at the natural beauty of the Mississippi and a profound contemplation of the moral landscape of the nation.