This collective work explores the formation, meaning, and evolution of toponyms (place names) in the context of the ancient Mediterranean, using linguistic and historical methods. Composed of sixteen contributions by different specialists, the work offers a comprehensive overview and a detailed analysis of place names from several regions of Antiquity, highlighting their richness, diversity, and importance for understanding the geography, history, culture, and language of ancient peoples. It thus contributes to enriching the field of toponymic studies, a valuable source of information for the humanities.